Thousands of patients die or become infected due to the use of unsterilized medical equipment therefore, the sterilization of the medical equipment is considered to be one of the most important in the medical field as it not only control the growth of diseases but the spread of diseases can also be prevented. Injuries, accidents or suffering from diseases are the occasions which lead us to move to the medical institutes to cure ourselves. They use different medical equipment but the reusable medical devices, such as surgical instruments that enters into the patient’s vascular system or tissues needs to be sterilized before every use. Use of unsterilized medical devices may lead to spread infections and cause patients safety at risk. The proper sterilization of surgical instruments and equipment used in the patient care is one of the essential aspect of the modern health care. To sterilize the medical equipment a lot of standard procedure are being used to avoid further spread of diseases. The oldest, effective and the most reliable technique of sterilization contributing to health care facilities is under pressure steam sterilization. It consist of a chamber which can hold high pressure and temperature that ensures the direct contact of the steam to all surfaces of the object which is to be sterilized. Firstly all the air from the chamber is eliminated during the conditioning phase. Secondly the small amount of water is vaporized and then very quickly steam penetrates through the packaging which results in the destruction of microorganisms. Superheated steam kills microorganisms by denaturing of cell protein and their clotting. Steam sterilization can only be used for those medical instruments which remain stable against heat and moisture because of the affiliation of severe temperature and pressure.